How Do You Tow A Car Behind A Motorhome? Guide

Yes, you can tow a car behind a motorhome, and it’s a common practice for many RV travelers who want the convenience of a personal vehicle at their destination. This guide will walk you through the different methods, essential equipment, and important considerations for successful motorhome towing.

Deciphering Towing Options

When you’re exploring the open road in your motorhome, having a smaller vehicle to zip around town, run errands, or take scenic detours can significantly enhance your experience. RV towing refers to the practice of attaching a secondary vehicle, typically a car, to the back of your motorhome. There are primarily two popular methods: using a tow dolly or flat towing (also known as dinghy towing). Each method has its own set of advantages, disadvantages, and specific requirements.

Tow Dolly Towing

A tow dolly is a two-wheeled trailer that you load your towed vehicle onto. The front wheels of your car rest on the dolly, and the rear wheels remain on the ground. This setup effectively turns your car into a trailer.

How it Works

Loading: You drive your towed vehicle onto the dolly’s ramps.
Securing: Straps or chains are used to firmly secure the front wheels of your car to the dolly.
Attaching: The tow dolly itself is then attached to the hitch on your motorhome.
Braking: A braking system needs to be integrated, either a surge brake system built into the dolly or a supplemental braking system connected to the motorhome’s brake lights.

Pros of Tow Dolly Towing

Cost-Effective: Generally less expensive than a full four-wheel-down towing setup.
Versatility: Can often tow front-wheel-drive vehicles, which may not be suitable for flat towing.
Simpler Setup: For some, loading and securing a vehicle onto a dolly feels more straightforward than connecting a tow bar.

Cons of Tow Dolly Towing

Storage: The dolly itself needs to be stored when not in use, which can be cumbersome.
Towing Weight: Adds more weight to your overall towing capacity.
Maneuverability: Reversing can be more challenging than with flat towing.
Tire Wear: While the towed vehicle’s drive wheels are off the ground, the dolly’s tires and the towed vehicle’s rear tires still experience wear.

Essential Equipment for Tow Dolly Towing

Tow Dolly: Must be rated for the weight of your towed vehicle.
**Tow Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly Dolly 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Motorhome Towing Connection Systems

The connection between your motorhome and the towed vehicle is critical for safety. There are two primary types of connections:

Tow Bars: These are rigid arms that connect directly to the frame of the towed vehicle and the hitch of the motorhome. This is the most common and generally considered the most secure method for flat towing.
Tow Dolly: As discussed, this is a separate unit that the car rests on.

Tow Bar Types

Direct-Connect Tow Bars: These attach to a base plate installed on the towed vehicle’s frame and then to a receiver hitch on the motorhome. They are often designed to be folded or removed when not in use.
Self-Aligning Tow Bars: These have a degree of flexibility and can help absorb some of the movement between the motorhome and the towed vehicle, making driving and backing up slightly easier.

Essential Equipment for Flat Towing

Tow Bar: Must be rated for the weight of your towed vehicle and compatible with your motorhome’s hitch.
Base Plate: A custom-designed mounting bracket that bolts directly to the frame of the towed vehicle, providing a secure attachment point for the tow bar.
Safety Cables/Chains: Essential redundant safety measures that connect the towed vehicle to the motorhome in case the primary connection fails.
Lighting System: The towed vehicle needs working brake lights, turn signals, and tail lights that are synchronized with the motorhome’s signals. This can be achieved through:
- Wiring Harness: A dedicated cable runs from the motorhome to the towed vehicle, connecting to its lighting system.
- Bulb and Socket Kits: Separate bulbs and sockets are installed in the towed vehicle’s light housings.
- Magnetic Tow Lights: Temporary lights that attach to the back of the towed vehicle with magnets and plug into the motorhome’s electrical system.
Braking System for Towed Vehicle: This is a crucial safety component. Federal regulations often require a supplemental braking system for towed vehicles weighing over a certain limit. These systems help slow down the towed car when the motorhome brakes, reducing strain on the motorhome’s brakes and improving overall control.

Crucial Considerations for RV Towing

Beyond the basic towing setup, several other factors are vital for a safe and successful motorhome towing experience.

Towed Vehicle Compatibility

Not all vehicles are suitable for flat towing (all four wheels down). You need to consult your towed vehicle’s owner’s manual to determine if it can be towed this way. Key factors include:

Transmission: Automatic transmissions generally cannot be flat towed as the internal components are lubricated by the engine running. If the engine isn’t running, the transmission can be damaged. Some modern vehicles with specific transmission types (e.g., some dual-clutch transmissions) may also have limitations.
Drivetrain: Front-wheel-drive vehicles are typically suitable for flat towing, but rear-wheel-drive vehicles are usually not. All-wheel-drive (AWD) and four-wheel-drive (4WD) vehicles require a transfer case that can be put into neutral or a specific “tow” mode. Again, always check the owner’s manual.
Steering Wheel Lock: The steering wheel must be able to unlock so the towed vehicle can follow the motorhome’s path. Many vehicles have steering wheel locks that engage when the ignition is off. You’ll need to leave the ignition in the “accessory” or “unlock” position, which can drain the vehicle’s battery if not managed properly.

Weight Limits

Motorhome towing involves adhering to weight limits. Your motorhome has several weight ratings:

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR): The maximum allowable weight of the motorhome itself, including all occupants, cargo, and the towed vehicle.
Gross Combined Weight Rating (GCWR): The maximum allowable weight of the motorhome and the towed vehicle combined.
Hitch Capacity: The maximum weight your motorhome’s hitch can safely tow.

Exceeding any of these ratings can be dangerous and lead to accidents. Always know the curb weight of your towed vehicle and ensure it is well within your motorhome’s towing capabilities.

Braking Systems for Towed Vehicles

As mentioned, a supplemental braking system is paramount. These systems activate the towed vehicle’s brakes in sync with the motorhome’s brakes. There are several types:

Portable/Standalone Systems: These units sit on the floor of the towed vehicle and connect to the brake pedal. They are easy to move between vehicles but require setup each time.
Proportional Systems: These systems apply the towed vehicle’s brakes with a force proportional to the motorhome’s braking. This provides a smoother and more controlled braking experience.
Inertial Systems: These systems use the motion of the towed vehicle to activate its brakes.
Air Brake Systems: For heavier towed vehicles or trailers, air brakes can be used, but these are less common for passenger car towing.

When choosing a braking system, consider ease of installation, portability, and how seamlessly it integrates with your motorhome’s braking.

Wiring and Electrical Connections

Proper electrical connections ensure your towed vehicle’s lights function correctly. This not only complies with legal requirements but also enhances safety by communicating your intentions to other drivers.

7-Way RV Connector: Most motorhomes use a standard 7-way RV connector at the hitch. You’ll need an adapter or harness to connect this to your towed vehicle’s lighting system.
Power to Towed Vehicle: Leaving the ignition in the accessory position to unlock the steering wheel can drain the towed vehicle’s battery. To prevent this, an auxiliary battery disconnect or a charge line from the motorhome’s battery to the towed vehicle’s battery is often recommended. This keeps the towed vehicle’s battery charged while traveling.

Towing Accessories and Safety

A range of towing accessories can improve the safety and convenience of your motorhome towing operation.

Towed Vehicle Cover: Protects the front of your towed vehicle from road debris, bugs, and weather.
Steering Wheel Lock Prevention Device: Some vehicles require a specific device to keep the steering unlocked without leaving the ignition on.
Breakaway Switch: An essential safety feature for any towed unit with its own brakes. If the towed vehicle separates from the motorhome, this switch automatically applies the towed vehicle’s brakes.
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS): For both the motorhome and the towed vehicle, a TPMS can alert you to low tire pressure, which is critical for safe towing.

Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up Your Towing System (Flat Towing Example)

Here’s a general overview of how to set up a flat towing system. Always refer to the specific instructions for your tow bar, base plate, and braking system.

Pre-Towing Checklist

Before each trip, it’s crucial to go through a thorough checklist:

Inspect All Components: Check the tow bar, base plate, safety cables, wiring, and hitch for any signs of wear, damage, or corrosion.
Verify Towed Vehicle Readiness: Ensure the towed vehicle’s transmission is in the correct gear (usually Park for automatic or Neutral for manual, after following specific manual instructions), parking brake is disengaged, and steering wheel is unlocked.
Check Light Functionality: Test all lights on the towed vehicle (brake lights, turn signals) to ensure they match the motorhome’s signals.
Confirm Braking System Activation: Make sure the supplemental braking system is armed and functioning correctly.
Secure Safety Cables: Connect safety cables or chains in a crisscross pattern to prevent the towed vehicle from dropping if the tow bar fails.
Check Tire Pressure: Ensure all tires on both the motorhome and the towed vehicle are properly inflated.
Review Owner’s Manuals: Familiarize yourself with the specific procedures for your motorhome, towed vehicle, and all towing accessories.

The Process of Hooking Up

Position Motorhome: Back your motorhome up to the towed vehicle, aligning the motorhome’s hitch receiver with the towed vehicle’s base plate.
Attach Tow Bar: Insert the tow bar arms into the base plate sockets on the towed vehicle and secure them with the provided pins and clips. Ensure the tow bar is level.
Connect Safety Cables: Attach the safety cables to the designated points on the motorhome’s hitch and the towed vehicle’s frame, ensuring they are crossed.
Connect Electrical Wiring: Plug the electrical umbilical cord from the motorhome into the towed vehicle’s lighting receptacle.
Connect Braking System: Connect the umbilical cord or air line for the supplemental braking system from the motorhome to the towed vehicle. If it’s a portable system, ensure it’s properly set up inside the towed vehicle.
Engage Towed Vehicle Systems: Turn the ignition of the towed vehicle to the “accessory” or “unlock” position to disengage the steering wheel lock. If your vehicle has a battery disconnect or charge line, ensure it’s properly connected.
Final Inspection: Visually inspect all connections one last time. Ensure no wires or hoses are dragging on the ground.

Disconnecting

The process of disconnecting is essentially the reverse of hooking up:

Park Motorhome: Ensure the motorhome is on level ground and the parking brake is firmly set.
Disengage Towed Vehicle Systems: Turn off the ignition in the towed vehicle, ensuring the steering wheel lock engages if it’s designed to. Disconnect any battery charge lines.
Disconnect Braking System: Unplug the braking system umbilical cord.
Disconnect Electrical Wiring: Unplug the lighting umbilical cord.
Disconnect Safety Cables: Remove the safety cables.
Detach Tow Bar: Release the pins and remove the tow bar from the base plate. Store it properly.
Secure Base Plate: If your base plate has covers, install them.

Maintaining Your Towing Setup

Regular maintenance is crucial for the longevity and safety of your towing setup.

Regular Inspections

Tow Bar Lubrication: Lubricate the moving parts of your tow bar according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Base Plate Check: Inspect the base plate for any signs of loosening or damage. Ensure bolts are tight.
Wiring Inspection: Check wiring harnesses for fraying, corrosion, or damage. Ensure connections are clean and secure.
Braking System Service: Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for servicing your supplemental braking system. This may include checking fluid levels, recalibrating sensors, or replacing wear parts.
Tire Condition: Regularly check the tires on both the motorhome and the towed vehicle for wear, damage, and proper inflation.

Driving with a Towed Vehicle

Adjust Driving Habits: Allow for significantly longer stopping distances. Be aware of the increased length and weight you are controlling.
Turning Radius: Remember that your towed vehicle will have a wider turning radius than your motorhome alone.
Backing Up: Backing up with a towed vehicle requires practice. It’s often easier to unhook the towed vehicle for tight maneuvers.
Speed Limits: Be mindful of any speed restrictions for motorhome towing or towing with a tow bar.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can I tow any car behind my motorhome?

No, not all vehicles are suitable for flat towing. You must consult your towed vehicle’s owner’s manual to confirm it can be towed with all four wheels down. Factors like transmission type, drivetrain, and steering wheel lock mechanism are critical. If your vehicle is not suitable for flat towing, you might consider a tow dolly or a fully enclosed trailer.

What is the difference between a tow dolly and flat towing?

Tow dolly towing involves lifting the front wheels of the towed vehicle off the ground, while flat towing (or dinghy towing) has all four wheels on the ground. Tow dolly towing is often used for front-wheel-drive vehicles, while flat towing requires specific vehicle configurations, usually front-wheel-drive or rear-wheel-drive vehicles with specific transfer case settings.

Do I need a braking system for my towed vehicle?

Yes, in most cases, a supplemental braking system is not only highly recommended for safety and control but also often legally required. The specific weight limits and regulations vary by state and country, but generally, vehicles towed at highway speeds require their own braking capacity that works in conjunction with the motorhome’s brakes.

How do I connect the lights on the towed vehicle to my motorhome?

You will need to connect the towed vehicle’s lighting system to the motorhome’s electrical system. This is typically done using a wiring harness that plugs into the motorhome’s 7-way RV connector and then connects to the towed vehicle’s wiring. Options include direct wiring, bulb kits, or magnetic tow lights.

Is it safe to leave the ignition on in the towed vehicle while towing?

It is often necessary to leave the ignition in the “accessory” or “unlock” position to disengage the steering wheel lock. However, this can drain the towed vehicle’s battery. To prevent this, most towing setups include a method for keeping the towed vehicle’s battery charged, such as a charge line from the motorhome or a battery disconnect switch with a timer. Always check your vehicle’s manual for specific recommendations.

What are safety cables or chains for?

Safety cables or chains are a critical redundant safety feature. They connect the towed vehicle to the motorhome in the event of a failure of the primary connection (e.g., the tow bar detaching). They are designed to keep the towed vehicle attached to the motorhome and prevent it from becoming a runaway hazard. They should be connected in a crisscross pattern so that if one connection fails, the other can hold.

How do I choose the right tow bar?

When selecting a tow bar, consider the weight capacity, ensuring it exceeds the Gross Vehicle Weight (GVWR) of your towed vehicle. Also, check for compatibility with your motorhome’s hitch receiver and the base plate installed on your towed vehicle. Features like self-aligning capabilities and fold-away designs can enhance convenience.

What are some essential towing accessories?

Key towing accessories include a reliable tow bar, a vehicle-specific base plate, a supplemental braking system, safety cables or chains, a wiring harness for lights, and potentially a battery charge line or disconnect for the towed vehicle. A rock guard or towed vehicle cover can also protect your car from road debris.